I like the use of multiple studies and mentioning of the limitations. You bring up important points about the metabolic impacts of feeding windows, rather than strictly focusing on caloric intake. As Steven mentioned below, methadological issues are rampant in nutrition research, making it difficult to draw conclusions. From my understanding of TRF research, the metabolic benefits are the primary area to focus on. I use TRF for glucose control and atophagy (increasesing to 20-24 hour fasting windows). It all depends on goals, however. Restricted windows can influence athletic performance if not done well, for example. Thanks for a great read and helping inform readers.